Country
Snapshot...............Country
Snapshot...............The former French & British parts of Cameroon merged in 1961. The country is about the size of California and covers around 474000 sq km bordering with the Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Nigeria.
The climate varies with terrain from tropical along coast to semi-arid and hot in the north. The countryside is diverse with coastal plain in southwest, dissected plateau in center, mountains in west, and plains in north. Fako, on Mt Cameroon which is still an active volcano, is 4095 m high, the country's highest point.
The population is around 17,340,000 and consists of 7 or so different ethnic groups speaking 24 major African language groups plus the official languages of French and English. Religious beliefs range from indigenous - 40%, Christian - 40%, and Muslim - 20%.
Population estimates explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected.
Natural
resources include petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber, and
hydro power.
Cameroon produces coffee, cocoa, cotton, rubber, bananas, oilseed, grains, root starches; livestock; timber and manufacturing includes petroleum production and refining, aluminium production, food processing, light consumer goods, textiles, lumber, and ship repair.
Current environmental issues are prevalent waterborne diseases, deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; and overfishing.
Cameroon has one of the best-endowed primary commodity economies in sub-Saharan Africa and it has generally enjoyed stability, which has permitted the development of agriculture, roads, and railways, as well as a petroleum industry.
Still, it faces many of the serious problems facing other underdeveloped countries, such as a top-heavy civil service and a generally unfavourable climate for business enterprise. Since 1990, the government has embarked on various IMF and World Bank programs designed to spur business investment, increase efficiency in agriculture, improve trade, and recapitalize the nation's banks.
In June 2000, the government completed an IMF-sponsored, three-year structural adjustment program; however, the IMF is pressing for more reforms, including increased budget transparency, privatization, and poverty reduction programs. International oil and cocoa prices have considerable impact on the economy.